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  Comparisons
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<h1 id="Comparisons">Comparisons<a class="anchor-link" href="#Comparisons"> </a></h1><p>Boolean values most often arise from comparison operators. Python includes a variety of operators that compare values. For example, <code>3</code> is larger than <code>1 + 1</code>.</p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="mi">3</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
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<pre>True</pre>
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<p>The value <code>True</code> indicates that the comparison is valid; Python has confirmed this simple fact about the relationship between <code>3</code> and <code>1+1</code>. The full set of common comparison operators are listed below.</p>
<table>
<thead><tr>
<th>Comparison</th>
<th>Operator</th>
<th>True example</th>
<th>False Example</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Less than</td>
<td>&lt;</td>
<td>2 &lt; 3</td>
<td>2 &lt; 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Greater than</td>
<td>&gt;</td>
<td>3&gt;2</td>
<td>3&gt;3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Less than or equal</td>
<td>&lt;=</td>
<td>2 &lt;= 2</td>
<td>3 &lt;= 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Greater or equal</td>
<td>&gt;=</td>
<td>3 &gt;= 3</td>
<td>2 &gt;= 3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Equal</td>
<td>==</td>
<td>3 == 3</td>
<td>3 == 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Not equal</td>
<td>!=</td>
<td>3 != 2</td>
<td>2 != 2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

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<p>An expression can contain multiple comparisons, and they all must hold in order for the whole expression to be <code>True</code>. For example, we can express that <code>1+1</code> is between <code>1</code> and <code>3</code> using the following expression.</p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="mi">3</span>
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<pre>True</pre>
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<p>The average of two numbers is always between the smaller number and the larger number. We express this relationship for the numbers <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> below. You can try different values of <code>x</code> and <code>y</code> to confirm this relationship.</p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">12</span>
<span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5</span>
<span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<pre>True</pre>
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<p>Strings can also be compared, and their order is alphabetical. A shorter string is less than a longer string that begins with the shorter string.</p>

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<div class=" highlight hl-ipython3"><pre><span></span><span class="s2">&quot;Dog&quot;</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Catastrophe&quot;</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Cat&quot;</span>
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<pre>True</pre>
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